![]() ![]() Durkheim is the protagonist of this view and says that its inevitable because some people just aren’t socialised adequately because we are all individuals and have different experiences, influences and circumstances. Social control rewards and punishment for doing the right and wrong thing, more opportunities with a clean criminal record, and prison if you are deviant.Īlthough crime is generally a bad thing, some Functionalists believe that crime is inevitable and can be beneficial. Socialisation values and a shared culture is internalised into its members and they feel they know what is right and wrong to do in that society. The functionalist society is based on two main things, socialisation and social control. Because of this position it is a structuralist theory. However, Marx used the term lumpenproletariat to describe that layer of the working class, unlikely to ever achieve class consciousness, lost to socially useful production, and, therefore, of no use in revolutionary struggle or an actual impediment to the realization of a classless society Portrait of Karl Marx: The nineteeth-century German intellectual Karl Marx identified and described the alienation that afflict the worker under capitalism.Theories of crime and Deviance Functionalist, strain and subculturesįunctionalists think that society is a stable system of shared values, beliefs, goals and norms which we refer to as a Value Consensus. In a capitalist society, the worker’s alienation from his and her humanity occurs because the worker can only express labor, a fundamental social aspect of personal individuality, through a privately owned system of industrial production in which each worker is an instrument, a thing, not a person. ![]() Alienation is the systemic result of living in a socially stratified society, because being a mechanistic part of a social class alienates a person from his or her humanity. Marx himself did not write about deviant behavior specifically, but he wrote about alienation amongst the proletariat, as well as between the proletariat and the finished product, which causes conflict, and thus deviant behavior. Conflict theory is based upon the view that the fundamental causes of crime are the social and economic forces operating within society. The legal rights of poor folks might be ignored, while the middle class side with the elites rather than the poor. The institution’s ability to change norms, wealth, or status comes into conflict with the individual. In conflict theory, deviant behaviors are actions that do not comply with social institutions. Karl Marx is the father of the social conflict theory, which is a component of the four paradigms of sociology. It is therefore a macro level analysis of society. Conflict theories draw attention to power differentials, such as class conflict, and generally contrast historically dominant ideologies. In sociology, conflict theories are perspectives that emphasize the social, political, or material inequality of a social group, that critique the broad socio-political system, or that otherwise detract from structural functionalism and ideological conservativism. lumpenproletariat: the lowest stratum of the proletariatĭeviance, in a sociological context, describes actions or behaviors that violate social norms, including formally-enacted rules, as well as informal violations of social norms.Deviant Behavior: The violation of prevailing norms or cultural standards prescribing how humans ought to behave.institution: An established organization, especially one dedicated to education, public service, culture, or the care of the destitute, poor etc.
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